Investigation of a Novel Multicomponent Mycotoxin Detoxifying Agent in Amelioration of Mycotoxicosis Induced by Aflatoxin-B1 and Ochratoxin A in Broiler Chicks.

Vasilios Tsiouris,Zoe Polizopoulou,Georgia D Brellou,Tilemachos Mantzios,Panagiotis Tassis,Nikolaos Mittas,Marko Vasiljević,Jog Raj,Evanthia Petridou,Ioanna Georgopoulou,Konstantinos Kiskinis,Nikola Delić

doi:10.3390/toxins13060367

Vasilios Tsiouris, Zoe Polizopoulou + Show 10 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins13060367

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Abstract

The present study was designed to determine the efficacy of a novel multicomponent mycotoxin detoxifying agent (MMDA) containing modified zeolite (Clinoptilolite), Bacillus subtilis, B. licheniformis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls and silymarin against the deleterious effects of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Ochratoxin A (OTA) in broiler chicks. A total of 160 one-day-old Ross 308® broiler chicks were randomly allocated in four treatment groups, with four replicates, according to the following experimental design for 42 days. Group A received a basal diet; Group B received a basal diet contaminated with AFB1 and OTA at 0.1 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg, respectively; Group C received a basal diet contaminated with AFB1 and OTA and MMDA at 1 g/kg feed, and Group D received a basal diet contaminated with AFB1 and OTA and MMDA at 3 g/kg feed. Results showed that ingested mycotoxins led to significant (p ≤ 0.05) reduction in body weight and feed conversion from 25 days of age, induced histopathological changes, increased the pH of the intestinal content, and altered the biochemical profile of birds with significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values (p ≤ 0.05). On the other hand, the supplementation of MMDA significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the second part of the study, diminished biochemical alterations, reduced pH in jejunal and ileal content, and E. coli counts in the caeca of birds (p ≤ 0.05). It may be concluded that the dietary supplementation of the MMDA partially ameliorated the adverse effects of AFB1 and OTA in broilers and could be an efficient tool in a mycotoxin control program.

Highlights

Mycotoxicosis was first described in 1960 when a shipment of Brazilian peanut meal was used in the diets of poultry and other domestic animals in the UK
The present study aimed to document the efficacy of a novel multicomponent mycotoxin detoxifying agent (MMDA) containing modified zeolite (Clinoptilolite), B. subtilis, B. licheniformis, S. cerevisiae cell wall and silymarin fed to broiler chickens ingesting contaminated feed with Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Ochratoxin A (OTA)
Based on the results of the study, we could suggest that the addition of the test product in feed moderately ameliorated the deleterious effects of AFB1 and OTA at concentrations of 0.1 mg/kg feed and 1 mg/kg feed, respectively, in broiler chicks

Summary

Introduction

Mycotoxicosis was first described in 1960 when a shipment of Brazilian peanut meal was used in the diets of poultry and other domestic animals in the UK. This caused an outbreak of an unknown disease that killed more than 100,000 turkeys and was reported as the Turkey “X” Disease. The term “mycotoxin” derives from the Greek words “mykes”, which means “fungus” and “toxini”, which means “toxin”. Mycotoxins, depending on their chemical structure are capable of inducing adverse effects on human and animal health [2]. Mycotoxin residues in livestock products, such as meat, milk, and eggs, may lead to deleterious effects on consumer health

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