Abstract
The present work presents results from an experimentally validated simulation code, regarding a turbocharged diesel-powered vehicle running on the recently developed worldwide light-duty vehicles WLTC driving cycle. The simulation is based on an engine mapping approach, with correction coefficients applied vis-à-vis the transient discrepancies encountered. Both performance and engine-out emission results are presented and discussed. As regards the latter, the concerned pollutants are soot and nitrogen monoxide. Since the WLTC driving cycle is scheduled to replace the NEDC in Europe from September 2017 with regard to the certification of passenger cars and light-duty trucks, a comparative analysis between the two test schedules is also performed for the engine/vehicle under study.
Highlights
For many decades the certification procedure for new vehicles around the world is accomplished by applying a driving cycle
The present analysis aims to shed light into the relevant phenomena and underlying mechanisms of pollutants and CO2 emissions production during a transient cycle, based on its fundamental procedure and the fact that only vehicle speed profile effects will be taken under consideration, without the need for either costly experimental facilities or huge computational times as all the previous studies
Aerodynamic resistance force follows the vehicle speed pattern according to Equation (5), with its rolling resistance counterpart possessing both a constant and a speed-dependent term according to Equation (6)
Summary
The certification procedure for new vehicles (or engines) around the world is accomplished by applying a driving (or engine) cycle. A certification test cycle is characterized by relatively long duration (of the order of 20–30 min) consisting of both speed and load changes under varying operating conditions, cold or hot starting, including (for highway engines/vehicles) urban as well as motorway driving. When developing new engines/vehicles, internal combustion engine manufacturers are facing a two-fold challenge. They must meet the stringent emission limits imposed by the regulations with respect to the legislated cycle; at the same time, they strive to address customer needs for vehicles with increased power and torque (good drivability) and low fuel consumption. There are certain aspects of a turbocharged diesel engine’s operation that might prove demanding or even problematic
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