Investigation into galloping characteristics of iced quad bundle conductors

Abstract

A nonlinear finite element method for galloping of iced bundle conductor transmission lines is presented. Wind tunnel tests for galloping of quad bundle conductor segments with crescent-shaped and sector-shaped ice models were carried out, and validity of the finite element method is demonstrated by the consistency of the galloping responses determined by the numerical method and those measured by the wind tunnel tests. Numerical models of four sections of iced transmission lines with different Irvine parameter λ2, which determines if internal resonance exists, are set up. Galloping of the iced transmission lines in steady wind flow and stochastic wind field is numerically simulated by the presented finite element method. Based on the numerical results, galloping characteristics of the iced transmission lines with and without internal resonance in steady and stochastic wind fields are discussed. It is found that the galloping mode and frequency of an iced quad bundle conductor transmission line in a stochastic wind field are similar to those in a steady wind flow, but the galloping amplitude may be different. Moreover, the Irvine parameter λ2 may be used to estimate some galloping characteristics, such as galloping mode and coupling movement induced by internal resonance.