Investigation and analysis on the current situation of job burnout of nurse in Tianjin

Abstract

Objective To understand the current situation of job burnout of nurse in Tianjin and analyze the related influencing factors. Methods Convenience sampling survey method was used, and authoritative instrument that can evaluate job burnout was applied to have job burnout questionnaire(Maslach Burnout Inventory, MBI, Alpha between 0.73 to 0.86) for 548 nurses of 55 secondary and tertiary hospitals in Tianjin. This questionnaire contained 22 entries, and 3 dimensions which were emotional exhaustion(EE), depersonalization (DP)and reduced personnel accomplishment(PA). Likert 7-grade score was used(0~6 points), where the scores of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were high, and burnout degree was more serious. When the score of personnel accomplishment was lower, burnout degree was more serious. The score of job burnout of nurses in Tianjin was compared with the evaluation norm for 1 104 American medical workers by Maslach(M's norm) et al. Meanwhile, the result was compared with the investigation and research data of 1 285 large samples in Hangzhou. SPSS 17.0 software was used to make box-type graphs, t-test and χ2 check analysis, etc(P<0.05). Results The research objects were prior to the nurses of tertiary hospitals in Tianjin(67.52%). The nurses of internal medicine and surgical department were in the majority(77.19%), and the education background was prior to junior college(50.18%). The proportion of bachelor degree or above was 34.85%. The proportions of nurse practitioners and nurses were 40.15% and 30.11%. The object of investigation was prior to nurses who worked equal or shorter than 5 years, which was 65.33%. Compared with American Maslach norm, with regard to the investigation result between the nurses of Tianjin in the aspect of EE and American medical workers, the difference had no statistical significance(P>0.05). However, DP and PA values were inferior to American medical workers(P<0.05), which indicated that the depersonalization degree of nurses in this city was inferior to American medical workers, but the sense of personal achievement was inferior to it of American medical workers. Compared with the investigation data of 1 285 samples in Hangzhou, in the aspects of EE, DP and PA, the difference of comparison between the nurses of this city and Hangzhou had statistical significance, of which EE and DP degrees were inferior to it in Hangzhou, but PA was superior to it in Hangzhou(P<0.05). The detection rate of job burnout of nurses and the large sample data comparison of Hangzhou showed that the overall detection rate of job burnout in this city was 63.14%, which was inferior to the investigation result of Hangzhou in 2013(70.44%). Compared based on mild, middle and serious job burnout classification, the job burnout degree of nurses in this city was inferior to it in Hangzhou, and the difference had statistical significance. Conclusions The depersonalization degree of nurses in this city is lower than it of American medical workers, but the sense of personal achievement is inferior to it of American medical workers. It may be because of the cultural difference between the east and the west. The sense of achievement for the nurses of this city is lower, which may be because that the social position Chinese nurses perceive is low, social benefits are lower, the opportunity to have further education and promotion is few, the personal value of nurses can't be recognized.The job burnout degree of nurses in this city is lower than it of Hangzhou, which may be because of the impact of North-South regional difference and humanity difference.Nurse-patient relationship, development of nursing specialty and job itself, including teamwork, doctor-nurse relationship, internal management system, job autonomy, career development and the working environment of nursing specialty are the major influence factors which may cause job burnout to nurses. Key words: Nurses; Job burnout; Survey