Investigation &amp; Minimization of Loss in Distribution System

Yalisho Girma Loaena

doi:10.11648/j.epes.20160505.11

Abstract

For efficient and reliable operation of distribution system, the reactive power and voltage should be controlled so that energy loss should be minimized, bus-bar voltage should be maintained at acceptable limit (0.95P.U min and 1.05P.U max) and three phase voltages should approach as close as to the balanced system voltage . This paper work presents study of distribution system loss in the case of Textile factory, ArbaMinch town. The study makes a detail work on power system issues such as energy loss in the distribution system and its reduction techniques, reactive power flow and its compensation, power factor and voltage quality indicators such as voltage unbalance and voltage regulation. To achieve the objective, the existing distribution system of study site is modeled by using DIgSILENT Power Factory Software and simulation is carried out for unbalanced and balanced operation conditions. Clamp-on meter measurement is used to determine the load demand and line to line voltages. The results obtained for loss, power factor, voltage regulation and voltage unbalance are compared against accepted standards of IEEE, NEC & Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation (EEPCo) and possible solutions are recommended based on results obtained.

Highlights

Distribution system is a part of electric power system that routes electric power to consumer loads with inductive, capacitive and resistive characteristics
For efficient and reliable operation of distribution system, reactive power and voltage should be controlled so that overall power loss in the system is reduced to minimum value, voltage at load bus bars is maintained within acceptable NEC standard (0.95 to 1.05p.u) and three phase system voltages should approach near a balanced condition
Load Flow Analysis Result The main purpose of load flow analysis is to determine the voltage magnitude and angle at bus bars, to determine the active and reactive power flows through the network components and to determine the power loss in the network components and entire system (1) Power Loss: Power loss refers to waste energy along the feeders as a result of current flow

Summary

Introduction

Distribution system is a part of electric power system that routes electric power to consumer loads with inductive, capacitive and resistive characteristics. It consists of network components such as distribution substation, primary and secondary distribution lines, distribution transformers, voltage regulators, shunt compensators and consumer loads. Reactive power flow in distribution system is caused by a number of factors such as: Line inductances Transformer magnetization Inductive loads Non- linear loads Supplying reactive power requirement of the network components only by generating unit or substation transformer causes large system current and increases the power loss and voltage drop. Reactive power in distribution system can be supplied by one of the following equipment. [4]

Methods

Results

Conclusion