Abstract
The objective of this work is to analyze the temporal and spatial variability of the total ozone column (TOC) trends over the Yangtze River Delta, the most populated region in China, during the last 35 years (1978–2013) using remote sensing-derived TOC data. Due to the lack of continuous and well-covered ground-based TOC measurements, little is known about the Yangtze River Delta. TOC data derived from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) for the period 1978–2005 and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) for the period 2004–2013 were used in this study. The spatial, long-term, seasonal, and short-term variations of TOC in this region were analyzed. For the spatial variability, the latitudinal variability has a large range between 3% and 13%, and also represents an annual cycle with maximum in February and minimum in August. In contrast, the longitudinal variability is not significant and just varies between 2% and 4%. The long-term variability represented a notable decline for the period 1978–2013. The ozone depletion was observed significantly during 1978–1999, with linear trend from (−3.2 ± 0.7) DU/decade to (−10.5 ± 0.9) DU/decade. As for seasonal variability, the trend of TOC shows a distinct seasonal pattern, with maximum in April or May and minimum in October or November. The short-term analysis demonstrates the day-to-day changes as well as the six-week system persistence of the TOC. The results can provide comprehensive descriptions of the TOC variations in the Yangtze River Delta and benefit climate change research in this region.
Highlights
Ozone, a type of trace gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, plays a critical role in regional and global climate change, human health, and environmental conditions
Latitude variation is much larger than longitude variation, perhaps due to the effect of meridional circulation [39,40]
The main purpose of this study was to understand the spatiotemporal variability of total ozone using satellite data (TOMS and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)) over the Yangtze River Delta for the period 1978–2013
Summary
A type of trace gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, plays a critical role in regional and global climate change, human health, and environmental conditions. The proportion of ozone in the atmosphere is low, it filters certain wavelengths of incoming solar ultraviolet (UV) light [1] and protects humans from UV. Further studies have shown that ozone depletion occurred in the Antarctic and in other latitudes, which indicates it has become a global phenomenon [6,7,8,9]. Apart from the anthropogenic factor, there are many geophysical parameters that affect the ozone, including the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation, an 11-year cycle of the solar flux, the scaling effect in planetary science, the stratosphere-troposphere exchange, and so on [10,11,12]
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