Abstract
This study investigates the environmental, economic, and technological viability of sustainable energy production from food waste in Bangladesh through anaerobic digestion (AD) technology along with the challenges in developing such biogas plants. The tri-fold criteria of technical feasibility, economic viability, and environmental sustainability—all of which were examined in this research work. Results indicate that the amount of food waste is 40.86 million tons in 2021 and is projected as 62.82 million tons in the year 2043 in Bangladesh. The power generation potential from the food waste is estimated at 2667.40 MW and 4466.24 MW for the same period. The net present value of the project in Bangladesh is 55,234.93 million dollars. The investment payback period and internal rate of return are 6.73 yr And 11 %, respectively. Techno-economic and environmental feasibility is also calculated for the eight major cities in Bangladesh for the year 2021. The biogas-based power plant substantially reduces CO2 emissions as compared to coal-based and a diesel-based power plant. Additionally, 4.93 million tons of bio-fertilizer, could be produced from food waste. This study will offer scientific guidance for the investment in biogas-based electricity-generating projects in Bangladesh.
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