Abstract
Investigation of the dielectric properties of asphalt pavement materials is critical for the application of the ground penetrating radar non-destructive testing techniques. This study focused on the effect of each part with different particle sizes in mineral aggregates on the bulk dielectric response of asphalt concrete materials. Multiscale experiments were conducted with different mineral aggregate particle mixtures (mastic, mortar, and asphalt concrete materials). By combining the multi-scale test data and micromechanical method, the sensitivity of the mineral’s aggregate size, including the size effect induced by the interface behaviors of the asphalt–mineral aggregate, was analyzed. The results indicate that (i) the dielectric response of asphalt concrete is mainly dominated by its mineral aggregates, and the particle size is one of the main factors affecting the polarization of asphalt–particle mixtures; (ii) the interface effects increase the polarization of the filler and fine aggregates in asphalt; and (iii) the cumulative effect of unit volume of the filler and fine aggregate on the overall dielectric response of the asphalt mixture, i.e., the cumulative weight, shows a natural logarithmic growth.
Highlights
In the field of highway engineering, significant efforts have been made in the development of non-destructive testing techniques, such as Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)
The conclusions of the study are as follows: (i) The multiscale experiment results (I/II-0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) of the asphalt, mastic, mortar, and asphalt concrete materials revealed that the trend of the mixtures’ dielectric properties was similar to that of the mineral aggregate gradation within bituminous concrete. This phenomenon proves that the dielectric response of the asphalt concrete is directly determined by the permittivity and gradation characteristics of the mineral aggregate particles
(ii) The trend of polarizability of the mineral aggregate particles with respect to their particle size calculated by Eq (2) is similar to the curve of the weight coefficient vs particle size
Summary
In the field of highway engineering, significant efforts have been made in the development of non-destructive testing techniques, such as Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). In situ estimation of layer thickness is one of the main non-destructive testing applications of GPR—the technology can be used for structural paving monitoring purposes, such as detecting material de-bonding failures and locations where cracks are created. Thereby, to accurately analyze GPR information, the bulk permittivity of the pavement materials needs to be accurately determined or estimated.. The permittivity of the composite material is related to the material’s composition and internal structure and is influenced by the frequency of the applied electric field and the environmental conditions (e.g., temperature and humidity). The dielectric mixing model can predict the effective permittivity of the composite materials, which has a critical impact on the accuracy of calculating compactness/density and thickness of the pavement.. The dielectric mixing model can predict the effective permittivity of the composite materials, which has a critical impact on the accuracy of calculating compactness/density and thickness of the pavement. It is necessary to better understand the road materials from the perspective of electrical characteristics to ensure high quality survey results
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