Abstract
Ninety percent of all difficulties in HPLC systems and columns are caused by column problems, and that most of those problems are caused by contaminated water. Water could be contaminated with particles, bacteria, organics, and ions. Benefits and disadvantages for different water purification technologies are summarized (distillation, reverse osmosis, ion exchange resins, EDI and activated carbon treatment). Contaminants in water, that affect reversed phase HPLC (particles, organics, metal ions and bacteria), are discussed in the focus of sources and recommendations to control them are given. Trace amounts of pharmaceutical molecules detected in HPLC- and LC-MS-grade bottled water were demonstrated and recommendations for maintaining the quality of high purity water to avoid contamination issues in HPLC are discussed.
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