Investigating the prognostic value of m6A methylation-related genes in renal cell carcinoma patients.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to explore the importance of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation-associated genes concerning the clinical outcome of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by employing the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database along with various bioinformatics methodologies. The transcriptome and clinical data of RCC patients were obtained from the TCGA database. We identified the differential expression of 13 genes and selected potential predictive genes for further analysis of their prognostic values. Ten genes (YTHDC2, FTO, YTHDF2, METTL3, KIAA1429, ZC3H13, METTL14, ALKBH5, WTAP, and RBM15) exhibited altered expression levels in RCC. Subgroup analysis based on m6A methylation-related gene expression levels revealed no significant differences in survival rates, but significant differences were observed in grade, T stage, and gender. Five potential predictors (FTO, RBM15, YTHDC2, ZC3H13b, and ALKBH5) demonstrated independent predictive value. Multivariate analysis selected two regulators (METTL14 and METTL3), and based on these, prognostic signals for RCC were constructed, independent of potential confounding factors. The model clearly distinguished between samples with good and poor prognoses. The expression levels of m6A methylation-related genes in RCC patients were found to differ and were associated with survival rates and prognosis. These findings suggest that m6A methylation-related genes could serve as prognostic indicators and promising therapeutic targets for RCC patients.