Abstract
A series of cubic structured pristine and sodium doped CdO nanoparticles (Cd1-xNaxO NPs) with varying dopant concentrations have been synthesized using simple Co-precipitation process. Crystal structure and the connection between various structural parameters are evidenced using powder XRD diffractograms. The crystallite size is evaluated with different models and the mean crystallite size was reduced with Na ions doping concentration due to severe lattice distortion. The existence of various vibrational modes and functional groups were demonstrated through FTIR characterization. The signature of Cd–O and Na–O stretching modes were confirmed with FTIR. Raman spectra also confirmed the formation of metal–oxygen bond and the second order vibration features. The direct bandgap of the CdO material increased from 2.132 to 2.40 eV with an increase in the Na dopant content which presents the appearance of a blue shift as probed through UV–Vis spectroscopy. The surface morphology and microstructure of the samples were studied using FESEM and HRTEM images, respectively. EDAX measurements revealed the presence of Cd, and O in the host lattice and Cd, O and Na in the doped CdO constructions. The SAED concentric ring pattern of Cd1-xNaxO nanoparticles demonstrated the polycrystalline nature of the samples. PL study revealed the impression of intrinsic defects and the photoluminescence colour emission of the Cd1-xNaxO materials shifted more towards bright blue region as the Na doping concentration increased. CIE color coordinates of Na-doped CdO NPs shows intense bluish color and extending its applications in commercial UV lighting, blue LEDs and Fluorescent biological labelling and tagging. Cd1-xNaxO nanoparticles exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity with increasing Na doping content towards gram-positive, and gram-negative bacteria. Further, the antifungal analysis against C. albicans, and A. niger authenticate that Na+ substituted CdO nanoparticles shows excellent antifungal activity. The mechanism of the above observed results is examined in detail in this article.
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