Abstract
Two designs of flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) were successfully fabricated in three different configurations. Typically, TENG consists of anode layer, cathode layer, and electrodes. In design D1, configuration C1, the TENG was fabricated by assembling a flexible polyimide as an anode layer (bottom substrate), a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as a cathode layer (top substrate), copper (Cu) tapes as electrodes and glass as supporting layers for the top and bottom substrates. TENGs with configurations C2 and C3 were assembled by replacing cathode layer, PET, with a flexible thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and a flexible fabric, respectively. In design D2, configurations C1, C2 and C3 were assembled using same materials as in design D1, except anode layer, Kapton, was replaced with the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sheet as bottom substrate. Multiple configurations were considered in order to determine the best material combination that would provide better TENG performance. The capability of the TENG in terms of open circuit voltage (V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oc</inf> ) and short circuit current (I <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sc</inf> ) was demonstrated by subjecting it to ~ 5-6 Nm force at 10 Hz operating frequency. A maximum V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oc</inf> of 22.95 V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p-p</inf> , 30.44 V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p-p</inf> , power density of 0.31 μW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , 0.46 μW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> were measured for the first and second designs, respectively. The TENG fabricated using PDMS and fabric exhibited a higher open circuit output.
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