Investigating the Oxia Planum subsurface with the ExoMars rover and drill

Abstract

To search for possible signs of life on Mars (past and present), it is necessary to investigate the subsurface. The thin martian atmosphere allows UV and ionizing radiation to damage potential chemical biosignatures at or below the surface. This effect, however, decreases with depth. Thus, organic molecules and potential biomarkers can be better preserved in the subsurface. The ExoMars Rosalind Franklin rover is equipped with a drill able to collect samples from a maximum depth of 2 m for the first time on Mars. In this study we describe how we will use the drill telemetry information in combination with the rover subsurface instruments’ data to better assess the stratification, compositional variations and connection with surface morphology. Understanding the subsurface sample environment is crucial to inform the investigations to be conducted on samples within the rover’s Analytical Laboratory Drawer (ALD). Moreover, the synergic use of drill telemetry and the rover subsurface instruments’ outcomes will inform planning of drilling activities and improve the selection of drilling sites.