Investigating the natural structures of Quercus castaneifolia C.A.Meyer in managed tracks in connection with physiographic factors in Northern Iran

Abstract

The northern forests of Iran have biodiversity and complex structure, which only with the full knowledge of this ecosystem can be expected in the future for optimal and correct management in the future. The long oak tree of Mazoba is the scientific name of the Quercus castaneifolia family of Fagacece and oak species, which is found in the northern parts of Iran from the glacial marshmallows and from the coastal nave to the 1880-meter altitude. The study area is located at a height of 650–620 m above sea level in Shanderman's watershed No. 11 and in the province of Gilan. After turning forests and determining the location of sample parts, four square pieces of one hectare were selected in a square of 100 × 100 in four directions (North, South, East, West) and these specimens were of diameter at the breasts and the quality of the kidney Trees with a diameter of over 7.5 cm were measured 100% and the strips of 10 × 100 m in the north side of each of the parts, in addition to the above, total height, length, crown length, and also inside Restitution bar was studied in classes of diameter 0–2.5 and 2.6–7.49 cm in 5 sections of sample size 2 × 2 to determine the condition of forest regeneration in quantitative and quantitative terms. The study of the distribution range of the number of diagonal and altitudinal classes in the study area showed that the structure of oak masses at relatively large levels is unbalanced to the left, and this adolescence is not created by nature but by the implementation of An incapacitating method has been created. Today, the best kind of management for the northern forests of the country is a single-grain non-uniform gravel method, which is closer to nature in the sustainability of the area. Of course, for the correct application of this type of management, more than anything else, we need to study the natural and less massive masses of the masses, and can be used as a model to guide other oak masses in this area.