Investigating the kisspeptin system in the hermaphrodite teleost gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Abstract

The kisspeptin system, a known regulator of reproduction in fish, was investigated during two key phases within the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) life cycle: protandrous sex change and larval ontogeny. Seabream specific partial cDNA sequences were identified for two key targets, kissr4 and kiss2, which were subsequently cloned and qPCR assays developed. Thereafter, to examine association in expression with sex change, a group of adult seabream (2+ years old) undergoing sex change were sampled for gene expression at two different periods of the annual cycle. To study the kisspeptin system ontogeny during early life stages, transcript levels were monitored in larvae (till 30 days-post-hatch, DPH) and post-larvae (from 30 till 140 DPH). During sex change, higher expression of kissr4 and kiss2 was observed in males when compared to females or individual undergoing sex change, this is suggestive of differential actions of the kisspeptin system during protandrous sex change. Equally, variable expression of the kisspeptin system during early ontogenic development was observed. The higher expression of kissr4 and kiss2 observed from 5 DPH, with elevations at 5–20 and 90 DPH for kissr4 and at 5, 10, 20, and 60 DPH for kiss2, is coincident with the early ontogeny of gnrh genes previously reported for seabream, and possibly related with early development of the reproductive axis in this species.