Abstract
Abstract. In this work, the surface ground motion that occurs during an earthquake in ground sections having different topographic forms has been examined with one and two dynamic site response analyses. One-dimensional analyses were undertaken using the Equivalent-Linear Earthquake Response Analysis (EERA) program based on the equivalent linear analysis principle and the Deepsoil program which is able to make both equivalent linear and nonlinear analyses and two-dimensional analyses using the Plaxis 8.2 software. The viscous damping parameters used in the dynamic site response analyses undertaken with the Plaxis 8.2 software were obtained using the DeepSoil program. In the dynamic site response analyses, the synthetic acceleration over a 475-year return period representing the earthquakes in Istanbul was used as the basis of the bedrock ground motion. The peak ground acceleration obtained different depths of soils and acceleration spectrum values have been compared. The surface topography and layer boundaries in the 5-5' cross section which cuts across the study area west to east were selected in order to examine the effect of the land topography and layer boundaries on the analysis results, and were flattened and compared with the actual status. The analysis results showed that the characteristics of the surface ground motion change in relation to the varying local soil conditions and land topography.
Highlights
The damage to structures that occurs during an earthquake is related to the superstructure and to the following significant factors: the earthquake characteristics and local soil conditions
Local soil conditions have a significant effect on the amplitude and frequency features, the inertia forces of the ground acceleration have an effect on structures during an earthquake
Earthquake Response Analysis (EERA) (Bardet et al, 2000) is a computer program prepared in Excel according to the content of Shake (Schnabel et al, 1972), which is a computer program that is widely used in geotechnical earthquake engineering
Summary
The damage to structures that occurs during an earthquake is related to the superstructure and to the following significant factors: the earthquake characteristics and local soil conditions. The characteristics of earthquake waves may change while passing through different types of soil and this may increase the earthquake forces that impact on the structures situated on the surface of the ground. The shear strength of a ground element that is under the influence of repeated stresses resulting from earthquake forces can be defined in two ways and in two stages. The general result from work in the literature is that the shear stresses from higher magnitude earthquakes may give rise to major deformations and landslides Another result is that the major deformations arising from the repeated stress applications may cause softening and the effective stresses are decreased through the increase in pore water pressure, and the shear strength is reduced (Ansal et al, 1995). The effects of the second and even the third dimension emerge in narrow valleys, edges of wide valleys and hillsides (Kale, 2008; Alım, 2006)
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