Abstract
People’s lives are influenced by their socio-economic, culture, and belief as they shape their behaviors and lifestyles. Belief and culture of people in different countries may profoundly affect their perception towards road safety. Lifestyle controls the perception of people regards road safety. Culture is the navigation system that guides people through their daily life when they enact their lifestyle within their cultural context. The overall aim of this research is to investigate whether there is any relationship between road safety and the income, culture, and beliefs of people. Data from 175 countries that includes income, beliefs and cultures of different countries was used in cross-cultural and cross belief comparisons to obtain a better understanding of the effect of each factor on road safety. The findings showed a remarkable difference in road safety between high, middle, and low-income countries. Different cultures and religions showed different levels of road safety. Whether or not road safety is dependent on these factors requires more studying and analysis. The results show no relationship between road safety and culture or religious beliefs. A noticeable relationship was found between income and road safety level. Countries where traffic regulations are more stringently enforced were found to have the best road safety levels. The outcome of the study can be beneficial for policy and decision-makers when designing road safety strategies and awareness campaigns.
Highlights
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates over 1.35 million road fatalities took place in 2017 [1] or approximately 3,700 road fatalities every day
This study shows that different belief followers perform differently in different cultures and levels of income
Any road safety strategy should take culture and belief of the people into account when carrying out road safety countermeasures in order to produce the desired results [31, 68, 82] and to gain the social acceptance [52, 83,84,85]
Summary
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates over 1.35 million road fatalities took place in 2017 [1] or approximately 3,700 road fatalities every day. Driving has been correlated with certain socio-demographic, personal and motivational factors [6, 7] and is thought to be shaped by intrinsic factors (e.g., sex, age, and cognitive bias) and extrinsic factors (e.g., cultural and social context) [8]. Drivers who have their religion or culture as their salient lifestyle traits were found to have less crash risk implying that both religious and culture-oriented drivers are less likely to be involved in crashes [9, 10]
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