Abstract
The investigation of the draw ratio and velocity of an electrospinning polymer solution jet is of great interest for understanding the formation of nanofibers. During the electrospinning process, the charged polymer solution jets were stretched by electric force, resulting in the formation of ultrathin fibers. In this study, theoretical deduction and experimental calculation were applied to evaluate the velocities and draw ratios of the charged jets at different electrospinning stages. Depending on the diameter of the charged jets at different electrospinning stages, the velocities and draw ratios of the charged jets were calculated with values far lower than the data in a previous report. The theoretical calculation was compared with experimental data using polyamic acid as a model polymer for electrospinning. The results indicated that during electrospinning, as the collecting distance was increased from 0 to 30 cm, the diameter of the electrospinning jet decreased from 18 800 nm to a constant value of around 245 nm, the solvent in the jet decreased from 96.50 wt% to 25.45 wt%, and the density of the jet increased from 0.9504 to 1.0995 g cm−3. These parameters led to the draw ratio and velocity of the jet experiencing first an increase and then a decrease in the value, and the highest draw ratio and velocity were 869 and 867 m s−1, respectively, which are quite different from the data in previous reports.
Highlights
IntroductionIt is well-known that the draw ratio of conventional bers is in the range of 5 to 40.54 Even for the ultra-high
A er forming a nearly straight line, it is bent into a complex path and other changes in shape occur under the stretch of electric forces
Paper molecular weight polyethylene bers, the draw ratio is merely 35 0,55 which is much lower than the draw ratio in a previous report.[38]
Summary
It is well-known that the draw ratio of conventional bers is in the range of 5 to 40.54 Even for the ultra-high. Molecular weight polyethylene bers, the draw ratio is merely 35 0,55 which is much lower than the draw ratio in a previous report.[38] In another recent research, Zheng et al developed a model to simulate the dynamic processes that occurs during electrospinning.[47] Their simulation demonstrated that when the simulation voltage was 5 kV, the maximum velocity was about 2 m sÀ1; which was quite inconsistent with 60 000 m sÀ1. The draw ratio and velocity of jet were deduced based on the mass conservation of the polymer in the initial selected jet with a certain length. The mass of the polymer in the initial selected length remains constant even when the selected jet is elongated at different electrospinning times. The corresponding draw ratios and velocities of the charged jets during electrospinning are calculated
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