Abstract
This study investigates a wall and trench combination to identify its benefits as a defense measure against an overtopping tsunami-like wave. The study focuses on several arrangements and geometries of a wall and trench combined structural system, located on the shoreline. The structural system is assessed via a numerical model, which is initially calibrated by physical experiments of tsunami-like wave transformations. A dam break event is used to model a tsunami-like wave interaction with the structures. Resulted wave properties are investigated to identify the behavior of the structural system from the viewpoint of structure geometry and configuration. The results of the study clearly show that the proposed structure combination can effectively reduce the impact of tsunami-like waves, better than a single sea wall defense system. This is achieved by reducing both wave run-up and wave induced current velocities at the lee side of the structure.
Highlights
Oceanic tsunami-wave trains are generally triggered by underwater earthquakes, which travel from deep waters and eventually break near the shoreline
A set of numerical simulations following physical experiments were performed through a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model that predicts the run-up heights of a tsunami-like wave on a sloping beach in accordance to the dimensions of a submerged wall and trench systems
The the numericalmodel model wascalibrated calibrated extent by water current velocity forfor anan extent by water levellevel and and current velocity data, thenumerical numerical modelwas was calibrated for an extent by water level and current velocity data, validation is necessary to justify the numerical results that are discussed under validation is necessary to justifytothe numerical results thatresults are discussed
Summary
Oceanic tsunami-wave trains are generally triggered by underwater earthquakes, which travel from deep waters and eventually break near the shoreline. Tsunami interaction with defense structures like seawalls was observed in largely during recent disaster events like the 2011 Great East Japan Tsunami. Even with a world-class disaster warning system, the massive destruction of 2011 Great East Japan Tsunami, could not be mitigated successfully [3] It demonstrated that current popular protective structures, such as seawalls, dikes and Geosciences 2020, 10, 310; doi:10.3390/geosciences10080310 www.mdpi.com/journal/geosciences. Keeping a giant wall along the shoreline that would be necessary only for a rare event is questionable, as it would cut-off the social and economic activities of locals that are directly bonded with the ocean Opposition between these differing forms of infrastructure was eventually resolved through gradually negotiation in which the sea wall and the boundary markers could complement one another. Rahman et al [4] carried out an experimental and numerical study to investigate canals as a mitigation of a tsunami and concluded a positive reduction of tsunami waves by incorporating a narrow canal, orientated perpendicular to the wave direction
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