Abstract
Pregnant women with COVID-19 require special attention and care, since the infection does not only affect the mother, but also her neonate and adversely affects pregnancy outcomes. The main goal of this retrospective cohort study is to investigate association between the maternal COVID-19 severity and risk of developing adverse neonatal outcomes. Patients were stratified into asymptomatic/mild and moderate to severe COVID-19. The following neonatal outcomes were assessed: gestational age at the time of delivery, birth weight, neonatal infection, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. The average age of patients was 28.5 ± 1.4 years old and majority were multigravida (74.0%, n = 148). Of total 200 pregnant women with COVID-19, 26.5% (n = 53) had moderate/severe disease and presented with higher incidence of preterm delivery and low birth weight (88.7%, n = 47; p < 0.001). In addition, more than half of the newborns delivered by mothers with severe disease were infected by SARS-COV-2 (58.5%, n = 31) and majority were admitted to the NICU (95.0%, n = 52). Based on the multivariate logistic regression analysis, pregnant women with moderate to severe COVID-19 were at much higher risk of preterm delivery, lower birth weight, neonatal infection, as well as neonatal ICU admission (p < 0.001). In addition, multigravida women were at higher risk for preterm delivery and lower birth weight (p = 0.017 and p = 0.02; respectively). Appropriate protective measures and early detection of suspected COVID-19 should be addressed for more favorable obstetric outcomes.
Highlights
Pregnant women with COVID-19 require special attention and care, since the infection does affect the mother, and her neonate and adversely affects pregnancy outcomes
The other 70 patients were excluded as they had comorbidities in addition to the COVID-19, which could be a confounder that leads to bias in the study
Pregnancies with severe form of COVID-19 were more likely to present with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, which were defined by preterm delivery, low neonatal birth weight, neonatal infection and/or admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)
Summary
Pregnant women with COVID-19 require special attention and care, since the infection does affect the mother, and her neonate and adversely affects pregnancy outcomes. The main goal of this retrospective cohort study is to investigate association between the maternal COVID-19 severity and risk of developing adverse neonatal outcomes. Of total 200 pregnant women with COVID-19, 26.5% (n = 53) had moderate/severe disease and presented with higher incidence of preterm delivery and low birth weight (88.7%, n = 47; p < 0.001). Based on the multivariate logistic regression analysis, pregnant women with moderate to severe COVID-19 were at much higher risk of preterm delivery, lower birth weight, neonatal infection, as well as neonatal ICU admission (p < 0.001). The goal of this study is to investigate the association between severity of maternal COVID-19 among pregnant women and the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes. We hypothesized that severity of maternal COVID-19 infection has significant impact on neonatal outcomes including preterm birth, neonatal birth weight, neonatal infection, and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission
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