Investigating Smart City Development Based on Green Buildings, Electrical Vehicles and Feasible Indicators

Armin Razmjoo,Mousa Marzband,Mehdi Pazhoohesh,Saim Memon,Lisa Gakenia Kaigutha,Seyedali Mirjalili,Giuseppe Piras,Meysam Majidi Nezhad,Mehdi A Ehyaei

doi:10.3390/su13147808

Abstract

With a goal of achieving net-zero emissions by developing Smart Cities (SCs) and industrial decarbonization, there is a growing desire to decarbonize the renewable energy sector by accelerating green buildings (GBs) construction, electric vehicles (EVs), and ensuring long-term stability, with the expectation that emissions will need to be reduced by at least two thirds by 2035 and by at least 90% by 2050. Implementing GBs in urban areas and encouraging the use of EVs are cornerstones of transition towards SCs, and practical actions that governments can consider to help with improving the environment and develop SCs. This paper investigates different aspects of smart cities development and introduces new feasible indicators related to GBs and EVs in designing SCs, presenting existing barriers to smart cities development, and solutions to overcome them. The results demonstrate that feasible and achievable policies such as the development of the zero-energy, attention to design parameters, implementation of effective indicators for GBs and EVs, implementing strategies to reduce the cost of production of EVs whilst maintaining good quality standards, load management, and integrating EVs successfully into the electricity system, are important in smart cities development. Therefore, strategies to governments should consider the full dynamics and potential of socio-economic and climate change by implementing new energy policies on increasing investment in EVs, and GBs development by considering energy, energy, techno-economic, and environmental benefits.

Highlights

With the growth in population and frequent energy crisis, moving toward sustainable cities is a political and important plan for many countries [1]
This paper has several novelties, including investigating different aspects of smart cities development, presenting the main barriers with relevant solutions to overcome them for smart cities development, and introduces new feasible indicators related to green buildings (GBs) and electric vehicles (EVs) in designing SCs
The primary purpose of this research was to study existing barriers of smart cities development with identify appropriate solutions for each of them and present new feasible indicators related to GBs and EVs

Summary

Introduction

With the growth in population and frequent energy crisis, moving toward sustainable cities is a political and important plan for many countries [1]. In this regard, the key role of energy is remarkable, because it plays a significant role in the economic and social development of countries [2]. Essential renewable energy applications in smart city development are for green buildings (GBs) and electric vehicles (EVs). Limited resources of fossil fuels and an increase in demand for electricity have renewed interests in integrating GBs [4] and moving towards.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion