Abstract
Worldwide breast cancer (BC) represents one of the most common type of cancer. Mortality from this disease is declining due to new therapies, but many patients face the side effects of cancer and treatment. The most common side effect is the lymphedema of the upper extremity. Although the incidence of lymphedema secondary to breast cancer is 63.4%, there are few studies on the immune mechanisms responsible for lymphedema and healing. Extensive research of the development, structure and function of the lymphatic system must be performed to identify the role of lymphatic vessels in breast cancer. All this can lead to discovery of new potential biomarkers in lymph in order to improve early detection and treatment of lymphedema and the current strategies for controlling tumor metastasis.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONBreast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed type of cancer among women
Worldwide, breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed type of cancer among women
Inflammatory cells operate in conflicting ways: both tumor-antagonizing and tumor-pro-. These inflammatory cells release signaling molecules that serve as effectors of their tumor-promoting actions, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), the angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), chemokines and cytokines that amplify the inflammatory state [16]
Summary
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed type of cancer among women. Romanian Medical Journal – Volume LXVIII, No 2, 2021 the affected limb These symptoms lead to a decreased physical and psychological function and social well-being in women with lymphedema [7]. Research in this area is necessary in order to prevent such unintended adverse effect for breast cancer survivors and to understand the development and function of the lymphatic system and the diseases related to it. Extensive research into the development, structure and function of the lymphatic system must be performed to identify the role of lymphatic vessels in disease processes and its role in immune function [8] All this can lead to the discovery of new potential biomarkers in lymph and serum in order to improve early detection and treatment of lymphedema
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