Abstract
Japan has experienced many large-scale natural disasters, such as earthquakes, typhoons accompanied by heavy rain, and landslides. Based on data for the damage caused by four recent major earthquakes in Japan, we investigate the trends in the number of evacuees and evacuation centres after these disasters as well as the restoration processes for public utilities such as electricity, gas, water, and communication lines. We compare the restoration speeds and trends of the damaged infrastructure systems. We also propose various mathematical models to approximate the recovery trends using both evacuee-related data and damage recovery process data. These results can be used to design natural disaster mitigation policies not only in Japan, but also in other countries. The results of various statistical data analyses and mathematical modelling techniques are applied to provide policy suggestions.
Highlights
Japan is a nation that is highly vulnerable to disasters such as earthquakes, landslides, and tsunamis; it faces numerous disasters every year, resulting in losses to human life and the economy
Based on data for the damage caused by four recent major earthquakes in Japan, we investigate the trends in the number of evacuees and evacuation centres after these disasters as well as the restoration processes for public utilities such as electricity, gas, water, and communication lines
This study investigates the trends in the number of evacuees and evacuation centres after the occurrence of disasters and explores the restoration processes of public utilities such as electricity, water, gas, and telecommunications
Summary
Japan is a nation that is highly vulnerable to disasters such as earthquakes, landslides, and tsunamis; it faces numerous disasters every year, resulting in losses to human life and the economy. Using data regarding deaths and missing people, evacuees and evacuation centres, water supply suspension and restoration, and other parameters, we applied statistical data analysis techniques to investigate these earthquakes with various corresponding mathematical models in order to develop more desirable and efficient mitigation policies for natural disaster preparation in Japan. Among these earthquakes, the GEJE, which was followed by a tsunami, was the deadliest disaster; it was the world’s third-strongest earthquake since 1900.
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