Investigating cytotoxicity effect of Ag- deposited, doped and coated titanium dioxide nanotubes on breast cancer cells

Abstract

In the present paper, we investigated the effect of pure, Ag- deposited, coated, and doped self-organized titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes (NTs) on the growth process of cancer cells, considering the effects of geometry, crystallinity, toxicity, and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 -NTs (TNTs). The TNTs were fabricated by anodizing titanium foil. The fabricated Ag-deposited, Ag-doped and Ag-coated TNTs were crystallized by annealing them to get the anatase phase. The magnitude of diameter and the length of TNTs were studied by FE-SEM, while the differences in the chemical compound of the TNTs before and after Ag doping and Ag coating were found by XRD spectroscopy and EDX. The performance and catalytic behavior of Ag on TNTs were investigated by the photocatalytic degradation of typical pollution by using methyl orange solution. Then, the proliferous cancer cells were put on the TNTs with different structures and sizes. The difference in toxicity functioning of the fabricated TNTs under UV radiation and dark (non-UV) conditions were examined. According to our analysis, the factors such as TNTs diameters, Ag-deposited, Ag-coated or Ag-doped TNTs, and UV radiation were effective in the cell populations.