Abstract
Bio-jet fuel produced from non-edible oilseeds can be an alternative to fossil fuels with the benefits of increasing national energy security, reducing environmental impact, and fostering rural economic growth. Efficient oil extraction from oilseeds is critical for economic production of bio-jet fuels. Oil extractions from camelina (sativa) and canola (Brassica napus) seeds were conducted using a cold press method. The effect of the frequency controlling the screw rotation speed on the oil recovery and quality was discussed. Characterization of the produced raw vegetable oils, such as heating value, elemental content and main chemical compositions, was carried out. The results showed that the oil recovery increased when the frequency decreased. The highest oil recoveries for camelina and canola seeds were 88.2% and 84.1% respectively, both at 15 Hz. The cold press frequency and processing temperature (97.2°C - 106.0°C) had a minor influence on the qualities and recovery of both camelina and canola oils. In addition, camelina and canola oils produced at 15 Hz underwent catalytic cracking to examine potential hydrocarbon fuels production. It was observed that some of oil physicochemical properties were improved after catalytic cracking. Although more study is needed for further improvement of oil recovery and qualities, cold press could be an efficient method for oil extraction from non-edible oilseeds. Additionally, the preliminary results of upgrading the oils produced show very promising for future bio-jet fuels production.
Highlights
As a result of concerning food vs. fuel debates, current biofuel development has focused on non-edible feedstock sources
The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of all camelina oils showed that the carbon distribution lied between C14 and C22
For canola oils produced at 25 Hz, 20 Hz, and 15 Hz, they all contained the same composition of oleic acid, occupying 98.6%, 92.5%, and 97.2%, respectively
Summary
As a result of concerning food vs. fuel debates, current biofuel development has focused on non-edible feedstock sources. Genetically modified canola grown on margin lands has been identified as a sustainable biofuel source because it doesn’t occupy arable land These margin lands are largely unproductive, or located in degraded forests and poverty-stricken areas. Canola seeds contain about 40% oil and they are marketed worldwide [3] Another non-edible vegetable oil producer is Camelina sativa seed, which is a non-edible oilseed that can be grown on marginal lands with a low input cost. One advantage of this oilseed is its resistance to blackleg, a disease that infects sunflowers, safflowers and many other crops. Due to the widespread production, the camelina and canola seeds are considered important renewable energy sources
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