Investigación sobre el diseño y la evaluación de las campañas de prevención en salud sexual dirigidas a jóvenes en España desde 1987 a 2016

Abstract

IntroductionNew HIV diagnoses and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to be a public health problem in Spain. Since the beginning of HIV infection in our country, prevention campaigns have been developed by the Health Services regarding sexual and reproductive health. Several authors warn about the poor evaluation of these campaigns. ObjectiveTo evaluate the design and evaluation strategies of the sexual health campaigns developed in Spain from 1987 to 2016. MethodsObservational epidemiological study based on a detailed retrospective collection of data obtained from the National AIDS Plan, official agencies and Health Services about the design and evaluation of developed sexual health campaigns. Statistical analysis was performed using UNAIDS indicators system. Results82 campaigns have been developed since 1987, 27 have been aimed at young people. In 100% of campaigns aimed at young people, general information about HIV infection and the promotion of condom use has been addressed; however, other issues about risky sexual behavior have virtually not been included. The prevention of pregnancy in young people is present in less than 25% of campaigns. The quantity of planning and evaluation reports of the available campaigns is very low. ConclusionThe data indicate the need to improve actions aimed at sexually active young people, with more planned and evaluated actions for regarding UNAIDS criteria and efficacy indicators.