Abstract
Fibrous cellulosic materials have been used as templates for material synthesis or organization via thermal degradation of the cellulose. Most of these methods, however, fail to exploit fiber organization, in part due to loss of structure with processing. Herein, we demonstrate that chemi- and physi-sorbed modifiers of cellulose alters the thermal degradation mechanism allowing for controlled deposition of oxide and carbon (incomplete combustion) along the original paper fiber network. We demonstrate that the degradation of the cellulose fibers depends on the amount of physisorbed material due, in part, to effect on the propagation of the ignition event. From the distribution of the residual elements and shape of the deposits, we can infer that the thermal degradation process depends on the nature, and concentration, of filler(s) or occluded.
Highlights
Frugal approaches to organized functional materials synthesis are desired, in part due to the ability to exploit size dependent features of such materials
Namely chromatography (CH), card stock (CS) and blotting (NYX) paper were used in this work
Paper loaded with the salt, as expected, changes color with significant differences observed with increase in fiber densities and treatment times
Summary
Frugal approaches to organized functional materials synthesis are desired, in part due to the ability to exploit size dependent (nano- to micro-) features of such materials. One approach to achieve this goal is the use of appropriate templates (Xia and Whitesides, 1998) or sacrificial scaffolds (Liu et al, 2011; Tallon and Franks, 2011) Such processes are well known, for example; colloidal crystals/assemblies—to create metallic nanostructures (Jiang et al, 1999; Velev et al, 1999; Kulinowski et al, 2000; Velev and Kaler, 2000; Xu and Goedel, 2005), electrospun fibers (Sakai et al, 2013; Son et al, 2013), secondary bonding networks (Macgillivray et al, 2008), among others. Exploiting an already porous material as the initial template, that can undergo controlled exothermic (dissipative) degradation allows the use of precursor moieties that are in situ transformed and organized along the template in a coupled oxidation and diffusion limited sintering process
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