Abstract
The phenomenon of inverted hysteresis loop has been observed in many materials for the past decades. However, the physical origin of the inverted hysteresis loop has long been debated. Here, we report the completely inverted hysteresis loop with a clockwise cycle in the soft-magnetic nanocrystalline Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloy and amorphous Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloy at room temperature. The negative remanence and positive coercivity were observed in the descending branch of magnetization curve when the scan field range was above 1 KOe. By comparing the results with that of the standard Pd sample, we found that the net coercivities of the nanocrystalline Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloy and standard Pd sample are almost equal for the different scanning field ranges. Therefore, it is confirmed that the phenomenon of completely inverted hysteresis loop is caused by the remanence of superconducting magnet rather than the structural inhomogeneity effects. Our results suggest that special care should be taken during the measurement of hysteresis loops using MPMS 3, especially for the materials with small coercivity.
Highlights
Hysteresis loops are important for studying the properties of magnetic materials and often take a variety of different forms, which strongly depend on the chemical composition, the size of the magnetic materials, temperature, etc
We present the observation of completely inverted hysteresis loop with negative remanence in amorphous and nanocrystalline Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloys at room temperature
In order to further characterize the morphology and microstructure of the two ribbons, transmission electron microscope tests were carried out, and the results are shown in Figure 1B,D. transmission electron microscope observation of the as-quenched Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 ribbon confirmed that the microstructure of the sample is very uniform
Summary
Hysteresis loops are important for studying the properties of magnetic materials and often take a variety of different forms, which strongly depend on the chemical composition, the size of the magnetic materials, temperature, etc. Two important parameters to characterize the hysteresis loop are the remanence Mr and the coercive field Hc, respectively. The remanence and coercive field retain positive and negative values for the descending branch of the hysteresis loop. The positive remanence refers to the magnetization of the sample after a large magnetic field is applied. The coercivity is the reverse magnetic field to make the remanence value zero. Unlike common hysteresis loop with a counter clockwise cycle, the inverted hysteresis loop with negative remanence has a clockwise cycle and has been observed in many magnetic systems (Takanashi et al, 1993; Aharoni, 1994; Oshea and Alsharif, 1994; Ohkoshi et al, 2001; Wu et al, 2001; Kim et al, 2006; Demirtas et al, 2007; Van Tho et al, 2008; Ziese et al, 2010; Demirci et al, 2020; Ghising et al, 2020; Soldatov et al, 2020; Kumar et al, 2021) over the past decades
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