Inverse regulatory mechanisms in aneuploidy

Abstract

<p indent="0mm">The genomic imbalance of aneuploidy generates inverse regulation throughout the genome and often causes serious harm to the growth and development of organisms. In this review, we summarize the gene expression studies and inverse regulatory mechanisms of plants, <italic>Drosophila</italic>, and human aneuploidy and demonstrate the prevalence of the inverse dosage effect. We also describe the possible roles of histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, DNA and RNA modifications, and lncRNA in the inverse regulation of aneuploidy. Finally, the importance of dosage-sensitive regulators and the stoichiometry of macromolecular complexes in this process are discussed. These results will aid in further elucidation of the regulatory mechanisms of gene expression in aneuploidy.