Inverse Problem for the Forgotten and the Hyper Zagreb Indices of Trees

Abstract

Let $G=(E(G),V(G))$ be a (molecular) graph with vertex set $V(G)$ and edge set $E(G)$. The forgotten Zagreb index and the hyper Zagreb index of G are defined by $F(G) = sum_{u in V(G)} d(u)^{3}$ and $HM(G) = sum_{uv in E(G)}(d(u)+d(v))^{2}$ where $d(u)$ and d(v) are the degrees of the vertices $u$ and $v$ in $G$, respectively. A recent problem called the inverse problem deals with the numerical realizations of topological indices. We see that there exist trees for all even positive integers with $F(G)>88$ and with $HM(G)>158$. Along with the result, we show that there exist no trees with $F(G) < 90$ and $HM(G) < 160$ with some exceptional even positive integers and hence characterize the forgotten Zagreb index and the hyper Zagreb index for trees.