Abstract
This paper presents a platform combining an inverse electromagnetic design computational method with additive manufacturing to design and fabricate all-dielectric metadevices. As opposed to conventional flat metasurface-based devices that are composed of resonant building blocks resulting in narrow band operation, the proposed design approach creates non-resonant, broadband (Δλ/λ up to >50%) metadevices based on low-index dielectric materials. High-efficiency (transmission >60%), thin (≤2λ) metadevices capable of polarization splitting, beam bending, and focusing are proposed. Experimental demonstrations are performed at millimeter-wave frequencies using 3D-printed devices. The proposed platform can be readily applied to the design and fabrication of electromagnetic and photonic metadevices spanning microwave to optical frequencies.
Highlights
Typical metasurface design starts with identification of an optical resonator with a well-defined geometrical shape, such as triangles[18], rectangles[12,19], ellipses[14] or V-antennas[8,15]
Deflects a normal incident plane-wave polarized along y and z directions into m = +1 and m = −1 diffraction orders respectively with high efficiency and over a broad bandwidth
The inverse-design algorithm generates a binary refractive-index distribution of dielectric and air that is printed with dimensions of 2 cm × 7.2 cm × 8 cm
Summary
Typical metasurface design starts with identification of an optical resonator with a well-defined geometrical shape, such as triangles[18], rectangles[12,19], ellipses[14] or V-antennas[8,15]. The number of degrees of freedom in the design of these shapes is very limited, which makes it difficult to optimize both efficiency and bandwidth of metadevices while achieving full control of the polarization. We use an inverse electromagnetic method[20,21,22,23,24,25,26] to design high-efficiency (>60%), broadband (Δλ/λ > 25%), dielectric-based thin (≤2λ) electromagnetic metadevices overcoming the aforementioned limitations. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of our inverse design approach, we use additive manufacturing to print a low-loss polymer into a complex geometrical pattern. Fabrication and characterization of wavelength-scale metadevices for bending, polarization splitting and focusing of EM radiation at millimeter-wave frequencies
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