Abstract
BackgroundIt is unclear whether consumption of coffee and green tea is associated with metabolic syndrome.MethodsThis cross-sectional study enrolled 554 adults who had participated in the baseline survey of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. Consumption of coffee and green tea was assessed using a questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and the Japan Society for the Study of Obesity (JASSO). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between consumption of coffee and green tea and prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components.ResultsAfter adjustment for sex, age, and other potential confounders, greater coffee consumption was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome, as defined by NCEP ATP III criteria (P for trend = 0.03). Participants who drank more coffee had a lower odds ratio (OR) for high serum triglycerides (P for trend = 0.02), but not for increased waist circumference or high blood pressure. Using JASSO criteria, moderate coffee consumption (1.5 to <3 cups/day) was associated with a significantly lower OR for high plasma glucose (OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.28-0.93). Green tea consumption was not associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome or any of its components.ConclusionsCoffee consumption was inversely correlated with metabolic syndrome diagnosed using NCEP ATP III criteria, mainly because it was associated with lower serum triglyceride levels. This association highlights the need for further prospective studies of the causality of these relationships.
Highlights
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by the clustering of abdominal obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, elevated triglyceride levels, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, and hypertension, often accompanied by a proinflammatory state.[1]
We examined the correlation between consumption of coffee and green tea and the prevalence of MetS and its components, as defined using the criteria of NCEP ATP III and Japan Society for the Study of Obesity (JASSO)
Coffee consumption was inversely correlated with the prevalence of MetS, as defined by the NCEP ATP III criteria, after adjustment for sex, age, total energy intake, leisure-time physical activity, and smoking and drinking habits
Summary
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by the clustering of abdominal obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, elevated triglyceride levels, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, and hypertension, often accompanied by a proinflammatory state.[1] Persons with MetS are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, in Western[2] and in Asian populations.[3,4] less frequent than in Western countries, obesity and MetS are major health problems in Japan. Two cross-sectional studies in Japan showed inverse correlations of coffee consumption with MetS and some of its components,[15,16] while prospective studies performed in the United States[8] and Europe[10,17] showed no association. We examined the correlation between consumption of coffee and green tea and the prevalence of MetS and its components, as defined using the criteria of NCEP ATP III and JASSO
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