Abstract
Increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes is supposed to be induced by environmental factors. Microbiome modulated by antibiotics seems to serve as one of the environmental factors which could influence the development of T1DM. Mitochondria, as autochthonous environmental bacteria living in our cells, and other bacteria share many common enzymes including beta-lactamases and it is supported by evidence that some beta-lactamase inhibitors are able to interact with counterpart enzymes. Thus, antibiotics may utilize two different pathways influencing the development of T1DM; one through modulation of microbiome and a second one via the interaction of mitochondrial enzymes. Data of consumption of penicillin (both narrow and broad spectrum) and beta-lactamase inhibitors in 30 European countries were collected from the database of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. These data were correlated with the prevalence reported by the International Diabetes Federation (2019) referring to type 1 diabetes in Europe. No correlation was found between total penicillin consumption or use of broad spectrum penicillin and the prevalence of type 1 diabetes. Nevertheless, broad spectrum penicillin, in combination with beta-lactamase inhibitor, was in inverse correlation with the prevalence of type 1 diabetes (r = − 0.573, p = 0.001). On the other hand, narrow spectrum penicillin was in positive correlation with type 1 diabetes (r = 0.523, p = 0.003). Prevalence of type 1 diabetes showed an inverse correlation with the use of beta-lactamase inhibitors and a positive one with that of narrow spectrum penicillin. Such a detailed analysis has not so far been provided referring to the penicillin group. In the background of this association either microbiomal or direct mitochondrial effects can be supposed.
Highlights
Increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes is supposed to be induced by environmental factors
To examine the possible association between antibiotic consumption patterns and the development of diabetes, a large database of antibiotic consumption (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, ECDC database)[11] was compared with the European data issued by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) regarding the prevalence of T1DM, as it appeared in the Diabetes Atlas of IDF, 9th edition (2019)[12]
[broad spectrum, penicillinase sensitive penicillin (J01CA), broad spectrum penicillin combined with penicillinase inhibitors (J01CR), narrow spectrum, penicillinase sensitive penicillin (J01CE) and narrow spectrum penicillinase resistant penicillin (J01CF)] in 30 European countries were obtained from databases of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)[11]
Summary
Increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes is supposed to be induced by environmental factors. Data of consumption of penicillin (both narrow and broad spectrum) and beta-lactamase inhibitors in 30 European countries were collected from the database of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. These data were correlated with the prevalence reported by the International Diabetes Federation (2019) referring to type 1 diabetes in Europe. Prevalence of type 1 diabetes showed an inverse correlation with the use of beta-lactamase inhibitors and a positive one with that of narrow spectrum penicillin. Such a detailed analysis has not so far been provided referring to the penicillin group. To examine the possible association between antibiotic consumption patterns and the development of diabetes, a large database of antibiotic consumption (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, ECDC database)[11] was compared with the European data issued by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) regarding the prevalence of T1DM (patients with diabetes younger than 18 years), as it appeared in the Diabetes Atlas of IDF, 9th edition (2019)[12]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
