Abstract
With the objective of studying the role of wild fauna in the epidemiology of fasciolosis disease, a definitive wild-host inventory was carried out in a french farm where infected domestic hosts (cows) cohabit with wild potential ones. Liver flukes, faecal eggs and antibodies were looked for in lagomorphs (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and rodents (Myocastor coypus, Ondatra zybethicus, Rattus norvegicus, Arvicola sapidus and micromammal species) trapped in the study area. Presence of Fasciola hepatica was detected in two species: O. cuniculus and M. coypus. Infection rates were respectively 34% (42/124) and 55% (106/193). Liver flukes were found in 78 M. coypus (n = 192) and 11 O. cuniculus (n = 35). No other species was infected by F. hepatica. The number of animals shedding fluke eggs was higher in M. coypus (49 out of 127 sampled; 38.6%) than in O. cuniculus (two out of 17 sampled; 11.7%). The results indicate that M. coypus may play a role in the maintenance and the dissemination of F. hepatica in various environments and open a discussion on the role of other natural wild hosts.
Highlights
Fasciola hepatica is an euryxene parasite found in many domestic species [bovines, ovines, JL caprines (Reddington et al, 1986)] a n d wild species like rodents (Delecole, 1982; Molan & Hussein, 1 9 8 8 ; Mas-Coma et al, 1 9 8 8 and 1 9 8 9 ), lagomorphs ( Bailenger et al, 1 9 6 5 ; Terracciano et al.,9 8 8 ), suidae ( Bollo et al, 1 9 9 3 ) and wild ruminants*** Département hydrobiologique et faune sauvage, Université Rennes I, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France. **** Laboratoire de pathologie infectieuse, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Nantes, BP 40706, 44307 - Nantes, France
To establish the real impact o f wild fauna in fasciolosis epidemiology, it is important to know which species are susceptible to the parasite and which ones have a more durable relationship with it
T h e results w e r e the s a m e for O. zybethicus 0 6 . 4 % o f O. zybethicus trapped were captured in envi ronment 1, 13-6 % in environment 2 and 50 % in envi ronment 3 )
Summary
Fasciola hepatica is an euryxene parasite found in many domestic species [bovines, ovines, JL caprines (Reddington et al, 1986)] a n d wild species like rodents (Delecole, 1982; Molan & Hussein, 1 9 8 8 ; Mas-Coma et al, 1 9 8 8 and 1 9 8 9 ) , lagomorphs ( Bailenger et al, 1 9 6 5 ; Terracciano et al.,9 8 8 ) , suidae ( Bollo et al, 1 9 9 3 ) and wild ruminants*** Département hydrobiologique et faune sauvage, Université Rennes I, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France. **** Laboratoire de pathologie infectieuse, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Nantes, BP 40706, 44307 - Nantes, France. Fasciola hepatica is an euryxene parasite found in many domestic species [bovines, ovines, JL caprines (Reddington et al, 1986)] a n d wild species like rodents (Delecole, 1982; Molan & Hussein, 1 9 8 8 ; Mas-Coma et al, 1 9 8 8 and 1 9 8 9 ) , lagomorphs (Barras,1982; Johannsen et al, 1 9 8 9 ; Alcouffe et al, 1992), and even in Man. T h e economic consequences o f domestic ruminant infestation (Mage et al, 1 9 8 9 ; Mage, 1990) and the increase of the number of human contaminations worldwide (Mas-Coma et al, 1 9 9 9 ) warrant an effective control of fasciolosis. To establish the real impact o f wild fauna in fasciolosis epidemiology, it is important to know which species are susceptible to the parasite and which ones have a more durable relationship with it
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