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Abstract
In this study, fermentation-based organic fertilizer (OF) was produced from the aboveground parts of Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decr. The quantity of N in OF (17.2 kg t−1 fresh lactic-fermented OF) was higher than average in cattle farmyard manure, but on a comparable level to solid poultry and rabbit manure. The OF was applied on a field to evaluate its effect on Chinese cabbage. The applied nutrients with OF N159 were 159, 19 and 100 kg ha−1 for N, P, and K, respectively. The applied nutrients with OF N317 were 317, 38, and 200 kg ha−1 for N, P, and K, respectively. The average mass of marketable Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis Rupr.) single heads ranged from 253 g with N0 treatment to 602 g with N317 treatment. The nutrient recovery efficiency REN,P,K was 37, 20, and 50% for N317 and 55, 48, and 77% for N159. The OF was found to be a suitable alternative to farmyard manure. Additionally, OF produced from F. japonica could complement existing approaches to limit the spread of invasive species in cities. Further research should focus on perennial crop rotations and cropping patterns, different soil types, and a greater variety of crops and consider the possible retention of urban farmers using fertilizer from invasive plants.
Highlights
IntroductionDue to its ability to quickly spread, it reduces the diversity [3,4,5] and the activity [6] of native biota, increases soil erodibility [7], affects temporal patterns of soil nutrient availability [8], and causes significant structural and functional changes in urban and rural ecosystems [9]
The presented experiment focuses on the management problem of F. japonica in the case-study city of Ljubljana (Slovenia), where approximately 5 ha of municipality-owned land is infected by F. japonica stands, and a further 30 ha is infested by F. × bohemica [30,31] (Figure 1a)
The 100 kg of fresh F. japonica plant biomass harvested in May from 42 m2 equaled a fresh-matter organic fertilizer (OF) substrate per ha of 23.8 t ha−1
Summary
Due to its ability to quickly spread, it reduces the diversity [3,4,5] and the activity [6] of native biota, increases soil erodibility [7], affects temporal patterns of soil nutrient availability [8], and causes significant structural and functional changes in urban and rural ecosystems [9]. As such F. japonica poses considerable economical, planning, and logistical problem in urban and rural land management [10]. Fast-growing Salix viminalis significantly reduces knotweed spread due to its rapid growth and, represents promising restoration of species in some urban environments and riparian zones [16]
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