Abstract
Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus) is a human-restricted bacterium and a common coloniser of the nasopharynx. The bacterium is often harmless, but can in rare cases cause life-threatening meningitis and sepsis, commonly referred to as invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). Because of the rapid onset of disease and the risk of severe morbidity and mortality, antibiotics are administered promptly to patients where there is suspicion of IMD. Although vaccination programmes against the meningococcus have substantially reduced IMD worldwide, disease burden remains a challenge, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries.
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