Abstract
Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes are urban malaria vectors in Asia that have recently invaded the Horn of Africa. We detected emergence of An. stephensi mosquitoes in 2 noncontiguous states of eastern Sudan. Results of mitochondrial DNA sequencing suggest the possibility of distinct invasions, potentially from a neighboring country.
Highlights
Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes are efficient vectors of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum
149 DNA samples failed to amplify when we used the standard protocol for identification of the An. gambiae complex, and we investigated them further
Sequence analysis demonstrated that many of the samples failing diagnostic PCR were not An. gambiae s.l. mosquitoes; most samples identified by BLAST were An. stephensi mosquitoes (Appendix Table 1)
Summary
Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes are efficient vectors of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum. We document the emergence of An. stephensi mosquitoes in Sudan. Among study sites in a study originally investigating insecticide resistance in the dominant malaria vector in Sudan, Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes, we selected 12 sites in the eastern half of the country to represent the different ecologic zones (Appendix Figure 1, https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/ EID/article/27/11/21-0400-App1.pdf).
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