Abstract

Magnetic tensor gradiometers are based on multiple sensors arranged in a unified coordinate system. Current calibration methods focus on each gradient tensor component separately, rather than the entire tensor system, so the advantages of tensor measurement are not completely realized. In this letter, the nonorthogonal error, misalignment error, scale-factor error, and zero offset in a magnetic tensor gradiometer with multiple elements are modeled. Optimal correction parameters are obtained by using two independent rotation invariants of the magnetic gradient tensor.

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