Abstract
Niacin, an essential B-complex vitamin, used in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the first perceived lipid regulating medication, inhibits and reverses hepatic steatosis and inflammation in animals and liver cell cultures. Niacin shows beneficial effects on adiposity. Niacin plays an important role in DNA repair, electron transfer, one-carbon metabolism and fatty acid synthesis in cells. Natural polysaccharides with desirable chemical modifications can be combined with vitamins for developing the supplement treatment for vitamin deficiency disorders. Modification of inulin was carried out by tosylation, amination and then conjugated with niacin. Structural elucidation of the derivatives and conjugates was carried out by FT-IR, 1H NMR and SEM. Thermal behavior was investigated by TGA and DSC techniques. The release and kinetics of niacin, from the conjugate, at different pH was studied. The release was observed to be pH dependent, showing a greater release at higher pH following Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetic model. Polysaccharide based approach was used for the preparation of stable niacin-inulin conjugates with controllable and prolonged release of niacin. These types of conjugates may be useful as vitamin delivery systems for vitamin deficiency disorders.
Highlights
Natural polysaccharides-based delivery systems are widely used for anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, proteins, genes, peptides and hormones, because of their extraordinary advantage in biodegradability and biocompatibility [1]
These types of conjugates may be useful as vitamin delivery systems for vitamin deficiency disorders
In the spectrum of aminated inulin (A-In), the peaks at 3257 cm− 1, 1596 cm− 1 and 1468 cm− 1 correspond to the amine vibration resulted by the reaction between ethylenediamine and tosylated inulin and the peak at 1229 cm− 1 corresponds to C-N stretching [27][28]
Summary
Natural polysaccharides-based delivery systems are widely used for anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, proteins, genes, peptides and hormones, because of their extraordinary advantage in biodegradability and biocompatibility [1]. It is rationally expected that the inulin-based systems should have great potentials as targeted drug carriers, because of their gellation properties [4]. Licciardi et al [10] synthesized amphiphilic grafted copolymer from inulin, ethylenediamine, succinyl-ceramide and polyethylene glycol These new inulin grafted copolymers were able to self-assemble into micelles and were loaded with the anticancer drug doxorubicin. In vitro studies exhibited that the release of glutathione and oxytocin occurs in simulated intestinal fluid and they suggested potential application of the hybrid hydrogels based on inulin succinic anhydride and polyaspartylhydrazide for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases
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