Abstract
The dismantling of a simple chapel of the late XVI century and the study of its formal constitution are the starting point of this analytical study of the structural design criteria. This course will compare the fundamentals of each methodology, from a geometric concept, through the concept of balance and reaching analysis methods based on the elastic stiffness. The precision of FEM software and its visual power cause the forgetfulness of the traditional design parameters. We often forget that the materials and building systems are difficult to evaluate by means of elastic concepts, which makes them statically indeterminate systems of order which change with time. The different analytical methods mean that none of them is exclusive against the others as actually they are complementary. The fact that sometimes the calculation precision of establishing a particular stress state cannot make us forget that the existence of a historic construction which has been able to find a working mechanism, will have had its starting point in a formal design, far from the necessity of accuracy.
Highlights
The dismantling of a simple chapel of the late XVI century and the study of its formal constitution are the starting point of this analytical study of the structural design criteria
This course will compare the fundamentals of each methodology
reaching analysis methods based on the elastic stiffness
Summary
Es frecuente afrontar el estudio de sistemas estructurales de las construcciones históricas a través de ejemplos de volumetrías ciertamente complejas. La capilla mantiene así las características tipológicas de la arquitectura popular asturiana (3): nave única (Figura 1), con cubierta de madera a dos aguas y cabecera cuadrangular con bóveda estrellada de cinco claves, separada de la nave por un arco de triunfo (Figura 2). La pieza singular de mayor esfuerzo compositivo resulta, sin duda, la cabecera, en donde se ubica la Capilla Mayor que cubre la bóveda de crucería (4). El desmontaje durante el año 2011 de la Capilla de San Antonio en Candás (Asturias) ha permitido conocer con precisión la composición formal y geométrica de sus elementos, así como las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de sus materiales constituyentes. La sencillez de la construcción y el preciso conocimiento de geometrías y soluciones constructivas han permitido realizar un estudio comparativo del comportamiento estructural de la singular bóveda de crucería que ocupa su cabecera. Cálculo, por aplicación del método de elementos finitos (MEF) referidos a cuerpos tridimensionales
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