Intron 4 VNTR A/B polymorphism of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene in periodontitis

Abstract

Nitric Oxide (NO) is an important mediator in the inflammatory and immune systems. The eNOS gene is one of the three isoforms of Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS), which is responsible for synthesizing NO. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease in periodontal tissue with genetic involvement. Polymorphism in eNOS gene changes the functional aspect of this gene and is associated with several inflammatory diseases including periodontitis. Aim: To detect Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase intron 4 gene polymorphism in Indonesian population with periodontitis. Analysis of the Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) intron 4 gene polymorphism was observed by carrying out PCR method followed by electrophoresis for the analysis, without the usage of restriction enzyme. The chi-square test and odds ratio were performed for statistical analysis. In this study, there were 34 samples with AA genotype, 3 samples with AB genotype, and 13 samples with BB genotype in periodontitis group. Whereas in the control group, there were 41 samples with AA genotype and 9 samples with BB genotype. AB genotype was absent in the control group. In periodontitis group, there were 71 A alleles and 29 B alleles, and in the control group, 82 A alleles and 18 B alleles were found. Polymorphic genotypes and alleles were found higher in periodontitis sample (32% and 29%) than healthy controls (18%). The polymorphism of eNOS intron 4 was found in periodontitis patients. There is no significant distribution difference was found between the periodontitis patients and the control group. ENOS intron 4 gene polymorphism does not affect the risk of periodontitis.