Abstract
Key messageLong-term pre-breeding using Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum as a donor of bird cherry-oat aphid resistance has resulted in agronomically improved resistance sources of barley along with easy-to-use molecular markers.Bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) is a pest and a virus vector in barley to which there are no bred-resistant cultivars. The present study describes how resistance from Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum has been introgressed in cultivated barley via five successive crosses with the same cultivar Lina (BC) and in parallel with other more modern barley cultivars. Most of the selections for resistance are based on measurements of individual aphid growth in the laboratory. This very slow phenotyping method has been complemented by molecular marker evaluation and application in part of the breeding material. Doubled haploid production in each generation has been crucial for more precise selection of lines with the quantitatively expressed resistance. A field trial of selected “BC3”-generation lines essentially confirmed the laboratory results, so did genotyping of the whole pedigree of parents and selected “BC2” and “BC4” offspring lines. The Infinium iSelect 50 K SNP assay confirmed relationships between lines and discerned several new markers for a resistance QTL on chromosome 2H.
Highlights
Bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) is a pest of small grain cereals in temperate regions worldwide (Blackman and Eastop 2007)
Host resistance to aphids is an attractive alternative or complement to other control measures, and there are barley cultivars bred for resistance to Russian wheat aphid (RWA; Diuraphis noxia) and greenbug (GB; Schizaphis graminum), even with combined resistance to both (Mornhinweg et al 2012, 2017)
The present study describes how this quantitative trait loci (QTL) marker was validated in doubled haploid (DH) barley populations and used as a complement to measuring aphid weight in a backcross (BC) breeding program to cultivar Lina
Summary
Bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) is a pest of small grain cereals in temperate regions worldwide (Blackman and Eastop 2007). Apart from the direct feeding damage that it causes, this aphid is a vector of the harmful Barley Yellow Dwarf and Cereal Yellow Dwarf Viruses, BYDV/CYDV (Jarosova et al 2016). Yield losses due to the combined infestation of aphids and BYDV/CYDV in winter barley can be as high as 80%, but field-to-field and year-to-year variation is large (Dedryver et al 2010). Aphid and virus damage may be reduced by pesticide application, but access to efficient treatments against aphids begins to be limited due to product withdrawals and aphids becoming resistant to the control agents (Dewar and Foster 2017).
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