Abstract

Abstract This introductory chapter provides a background of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (Trafficking in Persons Protocol). The Protocol is the first universal legally binding instrument to define and address all aspects of trafficking in persons. It adopts ‘a comprehensive international approach’, commonly referred to as the ‘3P’ approach (prevention, prosecution, and protection). The chapter then explains the problem of trafficking in persons—the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring, or receipt of people, using means such as force, fraud, or deception to exploit them. It traces the trafficking conventions, international human rights conventions, and regional instruments that preceded the Protocol. Since its entry into force on 25 December 2003, the Trafficking in Persons Protocol has continued to play a central role in framing counter-trafficking efforts and informing understanding of what ‘trafficking in persons’ is.

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