Introduction

Abstract

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gas emissions from quickly expanding industry and homes are a major problem. These pollutants are to blame for issues like climate change and global warming. One potential solution for the climate change caused by greenhouse gases is the capture and storage of CO2. For this purpose, effective separation technologies must be used to remove CO2 from industrial flue gas streams in-order to reduce the greenhouse effects. In addition to this source, CO2 is also found in raw natural gas and syngas, which must be removed in order to increase the calorific value of the gaseous fuel. Membrane-based gas separation is an emerging technology that is more energy-efficient, compact, and cost-effective than conventional technologies such as amine absorption, adsorption, and cryogenic distillation processes. This introductory chapter briefly discussed membrane technology designed for the application of CO2 separation. Initially, the background to membrane separation is provided, with a discussion of fundamental concepts, the classification of membranes, and their transport mechanisms. This is followed by a discussion on the different gas separation applications, CO2 capture processes, and facilitated transport membranes (FTMs), along with their types, transport phenomena, material characteristics, and benefits of using FTMs in CO2 separation processes.KeywordsFacilitated transport membranes (FTMs)Mobile and fixed carrierCO2 separation technologiesMembrane technologyGas separation applicationsTransport mechanisms