Abstract

Abstract Why do insurgent organizations sometimes kill civilians? This chapter provides an introduction to the book, starting with historical examples of insurgent organizations attacking civilians—but noting that some organizations do so more than others. Examples discussed include Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Boko Haram, and ISIS. The chapter defines the key concepts of insurgent group, civil conflict, and civilian targeting. It then reviews the state of the growing research on the topic of civilian victimization by insurgent groups, noting that common explanations include group weakness and operating in democratic countries. Shortcomings in the literature are discussed. The chapter concludes with an outline of the rest of the book, summarizing each of the subsequent chapters.

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