Introduction

Abstract

At the present time many areas of science and engineering are becoming more mathematical. In this process, numerical methods play an important role. They are employed even in those areas which up to recently defied any application of mathematical tools. Nowadays the finite element method (FEM) is considered to be one of the most effective numerical methods for the solution of problems in mathematical physics, i.e., problems described by differential, integro-differential or integral equations, systems of these equations, variational inequalities, systems of differential-algebraic equations, etc. Typical examples are, for instance, a partial differential equation describing magnetic or electric potential, the Schrödinger equation, the heat conduction equation, the Maxwell’s system of equations, the Einstein equations, ...