Abstract
A review of the literature concerning the adverse health effects of volcanic eruptions prior to the May 18, 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens is presented. The global distribution and occurrence of explosive and effusive (consisting primarily of emission gases and lava) volcanic eruptions is described. Public health implications for areas at high- and low-risk, with emphasis on the implications of explosive volcanism in developing countries is briefly discussed. Data are provided which may be used as the basis for pre-disaster planning and preparedness in areas of the world where explosive and effusive volcanic eruptions are relatively common in proximity to vulnerable human populations.
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