Abstract
AbstractThe Baltimore Ecosystem Study (BES) is one of two urban Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) projects in the United States. It began its third funding cycle in 2011. Although the project continues key measurements that were started in 1997 at the inception of the research, the third phase is characterized by a new conceptual framework. Phase III of BES focuses on metropolitan Baltimore, Maryland, as a system poised for transition from a "sanitary city" -- characterized by engineered environmental solutions, management via discrete disciplines, and government control to a "sustainable city" -- which would be characterized by additional biological solutions, collaborative management, and polycentric and multi-level governance. In such a situation, the guiding research question becomes, "What are the effects of adaptive processes aimed at sustainability in the Baltimore socio-ecological system?" Adaptive processes are those social and biophysical features and actions which allow a complex system to adjust to changing internal and external drivers. The full proposal and other details of BES can be discovered on the project website: www.beslter.org
Highlights
Urban sustainability paradigm Changing world: policy and environment Social & biophysical adaptive processes Resilience of socio-ecological system How social & biogeophysical components adjust
How do biophysical & social adaptive processes interact in the sanitary city vs. in the sustainable city?
What future scenarios of biogeophysical & social adaptive processes reflect different policies aimed at sustainability?
Summary
Eb1: Vegetation nutrient uptake Eb2: Decomposition Eb3: Dissimilatory nitrate reduction Eb4: Microbial immobilization Eb5: Net ecosystem production Eb6: Net ecosystem exchange Eb7: Export & harvest p. Locational choices by households & firms Urban stream dis/continuum Biotic metacommunity. Urban structure & altered riparian zones Social processes affect stream dis/continuum. Direct vs indirect human effects Social processes reinforce or constrain metacommunity dynamics
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