Abstract

Over the years, the service-oriented paradigm of assembling software systems and applications using Internet-accessible autonomous and platform-independent software components in a loosely coupled manner has been well received by the public for its unprecedented flexibility and interoperability [2–4]. The research area of service delivery and provisioning has gradually matured into the so-called cloud computing by combining the achievements in both utility computing and grid computing. Cloud computing has the potential to reshape the landscapeof the IT industry. It brings a brand-new model of IT provisioning and delivery by offering benefits such as zero upfront investment, on-demand services, flexible and elastic capacity, and rapid service deployment [1]. Popular cloud services such as Amazon EC2, Google Compute Engine, and Apple iCloud are now hosted on large-scale data centers and delivered to users through a variety of devices. However, realizing the full potential of cloud services raises a number of significant challenges, which have not been fully recognized or addressed in the community. One important issue is that large-scale data centersmust offer reli-

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