Abstract
Abstract This paper introduces the reasoning, methods, and technology behind using a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) to obtain a sample of production fluids from offshore sub-sea installations. Subsea sampling in this context involves physically delivering equipment to sub-sea installations, connecting to said installations, obtaining a measure of the product in question, and returning said measure of fluid to the surface in a specified condition. Methods and technologies relating to the transport and laboratory analysis of the product once delivered to the surface are examined briefly, but not in great detail. An explanation of why the offshore oil and gas industry is increasingly interested in subsea sampling, and the value it brings to operating companies is presented. What is Subsea Sampling? Subsea Sampling is the act of retrieving a measure of production fluid from a subsea installation such as a production tree, manifold, or other junction for the purpose of testing and recording information about said fluid. The quantity and type of fluid that is retrieved depends on the information that is required from the sample. The information retrieved from samples includes but is not limited to chemical composition, pressure volume temperature (PvT) analysis, salinity, and density. The values obtained for the different attributes are used to calibrate subsea multiphase flow meters and manage reservoir production and intervention schedules. Obtaining samples from installations in deep water, 5000 feet or more necessitates the use of remote operated vehicles (ROVs) to carry and manipulate the sample gathering and transport equipment, or the use of down wire tooling packages. The focus of this paper is the former. Why is Subsea Sampling Performed? Offshore oil and gas producers perform, or plan to perform subsea sampling for two reasons. The first reason is to support the use of subsea multiphase flow meters. The second reason is gathering data to support reservoir management efforts.
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